{"id":37,"date":"2016-02-09T16:32:22","date_gmt":"2016-02-09T14:32:22","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.cursuriartemartiale.ro\/?page_id=37"},"modified":"2016-02-09T16:51:17","modified_gmt":"2016-02-09T14:51:17","slug":"istoric-ju-jitsu","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/www.cursuriartemartiale.ro\/?page_id=37","title":{"rendered":"Istoric ju-jitsu"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-family: times new roman,times,serif; font-size: 16px;\">Ju-jitsu este considerat a fi arta nobil\u0103 a samurailor &#8211; &#8220;<em>Samurai&#8221;<\/em> arhaic \u2013 samburai, de la verbul samburaru \u2013 \u201ea sta aproape\u201d &#8211; au fost lupt\u0103torii japonezi care, prin faptele, demnitatea \u0219i onoarea de care au dat dovad\u0103 dea lungul existen\u021bei erelor istorice, au constituit \u0219i constituie exemple de m\u0103iestrie mar\u021bial\u0103, devodament, curaj \u0219i sim\u021b al onoarei.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: times new roman,times,serif; font-size: 16px;\">Ju-jitsu, \u00een forma sa cea mai complet\u0103, a fost o tehnic\u0103 de lupt\u0103 folosit\u0103 de c\u0103tre samurai. Aceast\u0103 art\u0103 vine din negura timpurilor, fiind cunoscut\u0103 \u015fi sub diverse alte nume, precum: <em>tai-jutsu, yawara <\/em>\u015fi<em> hakuda<\/em>. Ju-jitsu cuprinde at\u00e2t tehnici care fac uz de arme, c\u00e2t \u015fi tehnici f\u0103r\u0103 arme.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: times new roman,times,serif; font-size: 16px;\">Aceast\u0103 art\u0103 este considerat\u0103 str\u0103mo\u015ful formelor <em>aikido<\/em> \u015fi <em>judo<\/em>. \u00cen cadrul sistemului se g\u0103sesc o multitudine de tehnici, \u00eencep\u00e2nd de la lovirea unor puncte vitale cu m\u00e2na sau piciorul, p\u00e2n\u0103 la strangulare \u015fi tehnici de blocare \u015fi\/sau for\u0163are a articula\u0163iilor. Ju-jitsu este cunoscut pentru prizele \u015fi contra-prizele perfecte, combinate cu imobiliz\u0103ri efectuate cu bra\u0163ele \u0219i procedee superioare de control al \u00eencheieturilor.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: times new roman,times,serif; font-size: 16px;\">Un alt aspect al ju-jitsu-lui este existen\u0163a artei <em>atemi (de la verbul <em>\u201eateru\u201d- a atinge<\/em> \u015fi <em>\u201emi\u201d- corp. <\/em>De aici a rezultat una din grupele esen\u0163iale ale stilului, respectiv <em>Atemi-waza \u2013 tehnica de lovire<\/em>)<a href=\"#_ftn2\" name=\"_ftnref2\"><\/a><\/em>, adic\u0103 arta atac\u0103rii\/lovirii punctelor sau zonelor vulnerabile ale corpului uman. Ju-jitsu nu este o competi\u0163ie a mu\u015fchilor puternici \u2013 de\u015fi modul de manifestare a tehnicilor solicit\u0103 \u015fi amelioreaz\u0103 \u00een timp toate calit\u0103\u0163ile motrice \u015fi coordinative; de fapt acest factor \u2013 for\u0163a &#8211; nu reprezint\u0103 c\u00e2tu\u015fi de pu\u0163in elementul s\u0103u primordial. Arta se bazeaz\u0103 pe echilibru, tehnica p\u00e2rghiei \u015fi viteza \u00een efectuarea mi\u015fc\u0103rilor respective, abia ulterior intervenind folosirea for\u0163ei cu eficien\u0163\u0103 maxim\u0103.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: times new roman,times,serif; font-size: 16px;\">Ju-jitsu s-a dezvoltat de-a lungul secolelor \u00een diverse \u015fcoli (Wa- jutsu, Yawara, Kagukaku-jutsu, Kempo, Hakuda, Shubaku, Daito- ryu, Aiki \u2013 jutsu, Tai\u2013jutsu, Takeda ryu etc.), primind influen\u0163e at\u00e2t din artele mar\u0163iale chineze\u015fti c\u00e2t \u015fi din tehnicile specifice de lupt\u0103 din Insula Okinawa.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: times new roman,times,serif; font-size: 16px;\">Ju-jitsu \u00een Europa \u0219i evolu\u021bia sa pe plan <a href=\"http:\/\/www.hawaiilibrary.com\/articles\/Ju-Jitsu_International_Federation#cite_note-4\">mondial<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: times new roman,times,serif; font-size: 16px;\">\u00cen anul 1977, delega\u021bi din Germania, Italia \u0219i Suedia au fondat Federa\u021bia Europen\u0103 de Ju-jitsu (EJJF). Pe m\u0103sur\u0103 ce num\u0103rul na\u021biunilor membre a crescut, din interiorul \u0219i din afara Europei, \u00een 1987 Federa\u021bia \u0219i-a schimbat numele \u00een Federa\u021bia de Ju-jitsu Interna\u021bional\u0103 (International Ju-Jitsu Federation IJJF), iar nucleul european original al federa\u021biei a devenit Uniunea Continental\u0103 (EJJU) a acesteia.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: times new roman,times,serif; font-size: 16px;\">\u00cen urma unei serii de schimb\u0103ri ale statutului \u0219i structurii, \u00een 1998 IJJF a decis s\u0103 \u00ee\u0219i schimbe din nou numele \u00een Federa\u021bia Interna\u021bional\u0103 de Ju-jitsu (Ju-Jitsu International Federation JJIF).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: times new roman,times,serif; font-size: 16px;\">La \u00eenceputul anilor 90, IJJF a devenit membru provizoriu al GAISF (Asocia\u021bia General\u0103 a Federa\u021biilor Interna\u021bionale de Sport) \u0219i IWGA (Asocia\u021bia Interna\u021bional\u0103 a Jocurilor Mondiale- parte a Mi\u0219c\u0103rii Olimpice al\u0103turi de IOC). \u00cen timpul congresului GAISF din 1998, JJIF a ob\u021binut statutul de membru deplin.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: times new roman,times,serif; font-size: 16px;\">Ju-jitsu, sub regulile JJIF, a fost parte a Jocurilor Mondiale \u00eencep\u00e2nd cu edi\u021bia din 1997 de la Lahti, Finlanda.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u00cen Rom\u00e2nia, exist\u0103 un num\u0103r destul de mare de cluburi cu specializare \u00een ju-jitsu, r\u0103sp\u00e2ndite pe \u00eentreg arealul \u0163\u0103rii noastre.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ju-jitsu este considerat a fi arta nobil\u0103 a samurailor &#8211; &#8220;Samurai&#8221; arhaic \u2013 samburai, de la verbul samburaru \u2013 \u201ea sta aproape\u201d &#8211; au fost lupt\u0103torii japonezi care, prin faptele, demnitatea \u0219i onoarea de care au dat dovad\u0103 dea lungul existen\u021bei erelor istorice, au constituit \u0219i constituie exemple de m\u0103iestrie mar\u021bial\u0103, devodament, curaj \u0219i sim\u021b [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":2,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-37","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cursuriartemartiale.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/37","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cursuriartemartiale.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cursuriartemartiale.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.cursuriartemartiale.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.cursuriartemartiale.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=37"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"http:\/\/www.cursuriartemartiale.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/37\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":45,"href":"http:\/\/www.cursuriartemartiale.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/37\/revisions\/45"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.cursuriartemartiale.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=37"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}